GCC Code Coverage Report

Directory: cvmfs/
File: cvmfs/util/posix.cc
Date: 2026-06-21 02:37:04
Exec Total Coverage
Lines: 908 1160 78.3%
Branches: 673 1265 53.2%
Line Branch Exec Source
1 /**
2 * This file is part of the CernVM File System.
3 *
4 * Some common functions.
5 */
6
7 #include <cctype>
8 #include <stdlib.h>
9 #include <cstdlib>
10 #include <dirent.h>
11 #include <sys/file.h>
12 #include <string.h>
13 #include <stdio.h>
14 #include <sched.h>
15 #include <sys/select.h>
16 #include <sys/uio.h>
17
18 #include "posix.h"
19
20 #include <arpa/inet.h>
21 #include <errno.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <grp.h>
24 #include <inttypes.h>
25 #include <netinet/in.h>
26 #include <pthread.h>
27 #include <pwd.h>
28 #include <signal.h>
29 #include <stdint.h>
30 #include <sys/resource.h>
31 #include <sys/socket.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 #ifdef __APPLE__
34 #include <sys/mount.h> // for statfs()
35 #else
36 #include <sys/statfs.h>
37 #endif
38 #include <sys/time.h>
39 #include <sys/types.h>
40 #include <sys/un.h>
41 #include <sys/utsname.h>
42 #include <sys/wait.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44 // If valgrind headers are present on the build system, then we can detect
45 // valgrind at runtime.
46 #ifdef HAS_VALGRIND_HEADERS
47 #include <valgrind/valgrind.h>
48 #endif
49
50 #include <algorithm>
51 #include <cassert>
52 #include <cstdio>
53 #include <cstring>
54 #include <map>
55 #include <set>
56 #include <string>
57 #include <vector>
58
59 #include "util/algorithm.h"
60 #include "util/capabilities.h"
61 #include "util/exception.h"
62 #include "util/fs_traversal.h"
63 #include "util/logging.h"
64 #include "util/pipe.h"
65 #include "util/string.h"
66 #include "util/smalloc.h"
67 #include "util/smalloc.h"
68 #include "util/smalloc.h"
69 #include "util/mutex.h"
70 #include "util/mutex.h"
71 #include "util/mutex.h"
72
73 // using namespace std; // NOLINT
74
75 #ifndef ST_RDONLY
76 // On Linux, this is in sys/statvfs.h
77 // On macOS, this flag is called MNT_RDONLY /usr/include/sys/mount.h
78 #define ST_RDONLY 1
79 #endif
80
81 // Older Linux glibc versions do not provide the f_flags member in struct statfs
82 #define CVMFS_HAS_STATFS_F_FLAGS
83 #ifndef __APPLE__
84 #ifdef __GLIBC_MINOR__
85 #if __GLIBC_MINOR__ < 12
86 #undef CVMFS_HAS_STATFS_F_FLAGS
87 #endif
88 #endif
89 #endif
90
91 // Work around missing clearenv()
92 #ifdef __APPLE__
93 extern "C" {
94 extern char **environ;
95 }
96 #endif
97
98 #ifdef CVMFS_NAMESPACE_GUARD
99 namespace CVMFS_NAMESPACE_GUARD {
100 #endif
101
102 static pthread_mutex_t getumask_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
103
104
105 /**
106 * Removes a trailing "/" from a path.
107 */
108 5946 std::string MakeCanonicalPath(const std::string &path) {
109
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 5946 if (path.length() == 0)
110 39 return path;
111
112
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 5907 if (path[path.length() - 1] == '/') {
113 101 return path.substr(0, path.length() - 1);
114 } else {
115 5806 return path;
116 }
117 }
118
119 /**
120 * Return both the file and directory name for a given path.
121 *
122 * NOTE: If only a filename is given, the directory is returned as "."
123 */
124 634 void SplitPath(const std::string &path,
125 std::string *dirname,
126 std::string *filename) {
127 634 const size_t dir_sep = path.rfind('/');
128
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 634 if (dir_sep != std::string::npos) {
129 514 *dirname = path.substr(0, dir_sep);
130 514 *filename = path.substr(dir_sep + 1);
131 } else {
132 120 *dirname = ".";
133 120 *filename = path;
134 }
135 634 }
136
137
138 /**
139 * Gets the directory part of a path.
140 */
141 6362 std::string GetParentPath(const std::string &path) {
142 6362 const std::string::size_type idx = path.find_last_of('/');
143
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 6362 if (idx != std::string::npos) {
144 6267 return path.substr(0, idx);
145 } else {
146
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 95 return "";
147 }
148 }
149
150
151 /**
152 * Gets the file name part of a path.
153 */
154 3080 std::string GetFileName(const std::string &path) {
155 3080 const std::string::size_type idx = path.find_last_of('/');
156
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 3080 if (idx != std::string::npos) {
157 2424 return path.substr(idx + 1);
158 } else {
159 656 return path;
160 }
161 }
162
163
164 308 bool IsAbsolutePath(const std::string &path) {
165
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 308 return (!path.empty() && path[0] == '/');
166 }
167
168
169 200 std::string GetAbsolutePath(const std::string &path) {
170
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 200 if (IsAbsolutePath(path))
171 38 return path;
172
173
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 324 return GetCurrentWorkingDirectory() + "/" + path;
174 }
175
176
177 1403 bool IsHttpUrl(const std::string &path) {
178
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 1403 if (path.length() < 7) {
179 52 return false;
180 }
181
182
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 1351 std::string prefix = path.substr(0, 8);
183 1351 std::transform(prefix.begin(), prefix.end(), prefix.begin(), ::tolower);
184
185
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 1351 return prefix.substr(0, 7) == "http://" || prefix == "https://";
186 1351 }
187
188
189 3165 FileSystemInfo GetFileSystemInfo(const std::string &path) {
190 3165 FileSystemInfo result;
191
192 struct statfs info;
193 3165 const int retval = statfs(path.c_str(), &info);
194
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 3165 if (retval != 0)
195 66 return result;
196
197
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 3099 switch (info.f_type) {
198 ✗ case kFsTypeAutofs:
199 ✗ result.type = kFsTypeAutofs;
200 ✗ break;
201 ✗ case kFsTypeNFS:
202 ✗ result.type = kFsTypeNFS;
203 ✗ break;
204 43 case kFsTypeProc:
205 43 result.type = kFsTypeProc;
206 43 break;
207 ✗ case kFsTypeBeeGFS:
208 ✗ result.type = kFsTypeBeeGFS;
209 ✗ break;
210 46 case kFsTypeTmpfs:
211 46 result.type = kFsTypeTmpfs;
212 46 break;
213 3010 default:
214 3010 result.type = kFsTypeUnknown;
215 }
216
217 #ifdef CVMFS_HAS_STATFS_F_FLAGS
218
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 3099 if (info.f_flags & ST_RDONLY)
219 ✗ result.is_rdonly = true;
220 #else
221 // On old Linux systems, fall back to access()
222 retval = access(path.c_str(), W_OK);
223 result.is_rdonly = (retval != 0);
224 #endif
225
226
227 3099 return result;
228 }
229
230
231 1222 std::string ReadSymlink(const std::string &path) {
232 // TODO(jblomer): avoid PATH_MAX
233 char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
234 1222 const ssize_t nchars = readlink(path.c_str(), buf, PATH_MAX);
235
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 1222 if (nchars >= 0) {
236 1157 buf[nchars] = '\0';
237
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 1157 return std::string(buf);
238 }
239
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 65 return "";
240 }
241
242
243 /**
244 * Follow all symlinks if possible. Equivalent to
245 * `readlink --canonicalize-missing`
246 */
247 897 std::string ResolvePath(const std::string &path) {
248
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 897 if (path.empty() || (path == "/"))
249
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 312 return "/";
250
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 585 const std::string name = GetFileName(path);
251
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 585 std::string result = name;
252
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 585 if (name != path) {
253 // There is a parent path of 'path'
254
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 507 const std::string parent = ResolvePath(GetParentPath(path));
255
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 507 result = parent + (parent == "/" ? "" : "/") + name;
256 507 }
257 585 char *real_result = realpath(result.c_str(), NULL);
258
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 585 if (real_result) {
259
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 312 result = real_result;
260 312 free(real_result);
261 }
262
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 585 if (SymlinkExists(result)) {
263 char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
264 39 const ssize_t nchars = readlink(result.c_str(), buf, PATH_MAX);
265
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 39 if (nchars >= 0) {
266 39 buf[nchars] = '\0';
267
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 39 result = buf;
268 }
269 }
270 585 return result;
271 585 }
272
273
274 117 bool IsMountPoint(const std::string &path) {
275
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 117 std::vector<std::string> mount_list = platform_mountlist();
276
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 117 const std::string resolved_path = ResolvePath(path);
277
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 9633 for (unsigned i = 0; i < mount_list.size(); ++i) {
278
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 9594 if (mount_list[i] == resolved_path)
279 78 return true;
280 }
281 39 return false;
282 117 }
283
284
285 /**
286 * By default PANIC(NULL) on failure
287 */
288 1143 void CreateFile(const std::string &path,
289 const int mode,
290 const bool ignore_failure) {
291 1143 const int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_CREAT, mode);
292
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 1143 if (fd >= 0) {
293 1105 close(fd);
294 1105 return;
295 }
296
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 38 if (ignore_failure)
297 ✗ return;
298 38 PANIC(NULL);
299 }
300
301
302 /**
303 * Symlinks /tmp/cvmfs.XYZ/l --> ParentPath(path) to make it shorter
304 */
305 192 static std::string MakeShortSocketLink(const std::string &path) {
306 //NOLINTNEXTLINE(misc-const-correctness)
307 struct sockaddr_un sock_addr;
308 192 const unsigned max_length = sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path);
309
310 192 std::string result;
311
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 384 const std::string tmp_path = CreateTempDir("/tmp/cvmfs");
312
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 192 if (tmp_path.empty())
313 ✗ return "";
314
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 192 const std::string link = tmp_path + "/l";
315
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 192 result = link + "/" + GetFileName(path);
316
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 192 if (result.length() >= max_length) {
317 77 rmdir(tmp_path.c_str());
318
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 77 return "";
319 }
320
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 115 const int retval = symlink(GetParentPath(path).c_str(), link.c_str());
321
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 115 if (retval != 0) {
322 ✗ rmdir(tmp_path.c_str());
323 ✗ return "";
324 }
325 115 return result;
326 192 }
327
328 115 static void RemoveShortSocketLink(const std::string &short_path) {
329
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 115 const std::string link = GetParentPath(short_path);
330 115 unlink(link.c_str());
331
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 115 rmdir(GetParentPath(link).c_str());
332 115 }
333
334
335 /**
336 * Creates and binds to a named socket.
337 */
338 1635 int MakeSocket(const std::string &path, const int mode) {
339
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 1635 std::string short_path(path);
340 struct sockaddr_un sock_addr;
341
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 1635 if (path.length() >= sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path)) {
342 // Socket paths are limited to 108 bytes (on some systems to 92 bytes),
343 // try working around
344
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 116 short_path = MakeShortSocketLink(path);
345
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 116 if (short_path.empty())
346 39 return -1;
347 }
348 1596 sock_addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
349 1596 strncpy(sock_addr.sun_path, short_path.c_str(), sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path));
350
351 1596 const int socket_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
352
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 1596 assert(socket_fd != -1);
353
354 #ifndef __APPLE__
355 // fchmod on a socket is not allowed under Mac OS X
356 // using default 0770 here
357
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 1596 if (fchmod(socket_fd, mode) != 0)
358 ✗ goto make_socket_failure;
359 #endif
360
361 1596 if (bind(socket_fd, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&sock_addr),
362 sizeof(sock_addr.sun_family) + sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path))
363
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 1596 < 0) {
364
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 39 if ((errno == EADDRINUSE) && (unlink(path.c_str()) == 0)) {
365 // Second try, perhaps the file was left over
366 39 if (bind(socket_fd, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&sock_addr),
367 sizeof(sock_addr.sun_family) + sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path))
368
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 39 < 0) {
369 ✗ LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "binding socket failed (%d)", errno);
370 ✗ goto make_socket_failure;
371 }
372 } else {
373 ✗ LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "binding socket failed (%d)", errno);
374 ✗ goto make_socket_failure;
375 }
376 }
377
378
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 1596 if (short_path != path)
379
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 77 RemoveShortSocketLink(short_path);
380
381 1596 return socket_fd;
382
383 ✗ make_socket_failure:
384 ✗ close(socket_fd);
385 ✗ if (short_path != path)
386 ✗ RemoveShortSocketLink(short_path);
387 ✗ return -1;
388 1635 }
389
390
391 /**
392 * Creates and binds a TCP/IPv4 socket. An empty address binds to the "any"
393 * address.
394 */
395 397 int MakeTcpEndpoint(const std::string &ipv4_address, int portno) {
396 397 const int socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
397
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 397 assert(socket_fd != -1);
398 397 const int on = 1;
399 397 int retval = setsockopt(socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on));
400
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 397 assert(retval == 0);
401
402 struct sockaddr_in endpoint_addr;
403 397 memset(&endpoint_addr, 0, sizeof(endpoint_addr));
404 397 endpoint_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
405
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 397 if (ipv4_address.empty()) {
406 289 endpoint_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
407 } else {
408 108 retval = inet_aton(ipv4_address.c_str(), &(endpoint_addr.sin_addr));
409
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 108 if (retval == 0) {
410
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 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "invalid IPv4 address");
411
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 36 close(socket_fd);
412 36 return -1;
413 }
414 }
415 361 endpoint_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
416
417 361 retval = bind(socket_fd, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&endpoint_addr),
418 sizeof(endpoint_addr));
419
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 361 if (retval < 0) {
420
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 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "binding TCP endpoint failed (%d)", errno);
421
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 36 close(socket_fd);
422 36 return -1;
423 }
424 325 return socket_fd;
425 }
426
427
428 /**
429 * Connects to a named socket.
430 *
431 * \return socket file descriptor on success, -1 else
432 */
433 699 int ConnectSocket(const std::string &path) {
434
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 699 std::string short_path(path);
435 struct sockaddr_un sock_addr;
436
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 699 if (path.length() >= sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path)) {
437 // Socket paths are limited to 108 bytes (on some systems to 92 bytes),
438 // try working around
439
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 76 short_path = MakeShortSocketLink(path);
440
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 76 if (short_path.empty())
441 38 return -1;
442 }
443 661 sock_addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
444 661 strncpy(sock_addr.sun_path, short_path.c_str(), sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path));
445
446 661 const int socket_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
447
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 661 assert(socket_fd != -1);
448
449
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 661 const int retval = connect(
450 socket_fd, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&sock_addr),
451 sizeof(sock_addr.sun_family) + sizeof(sock_addr.sun_path));
452
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 661 if (short_path != path)
453
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 38 RemoveShortSocketLink(short_path);
454
455
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 661 if (retval < 0) {
456
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 38 close(socket_fd);
457 38 return -1;
458 }
459
460 623 return socket_fd;
461 699 }
462
463
464 /**
465 * Connects to a (remote) TCP server
466 */
467 134 int ConnectTcpEndpoint(const std::string &ipv4_address, int portno) {
468 134 const int socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
469
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 134 assert(socket_fd != -1);
470
471 struct sockaddr_in endpoint_addr;
472 134 memset(&endpoint_addr, 0, sizeof(endpoint_addr));
473 134 endpoint_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
474 134 int retval = inet_aton(ipv4_address.c_str(), &(endpoint_addr.sin_addr));
475
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 134 if (retval == 0) {
476
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 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "invalid IPv4 address");
477
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 36 close(socket_fd);
478 36 return -1;
479 }
480 98 endpoint_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
481
482
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 98 retval = connect(socket_fd,
483 reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&endpoint_addr),
484 sizeof(endpoint_addr));
485
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 98 if (retval != 0) {
486 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "failed to connect to TCP endpoint (%d)",
487
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 36 errno);
488
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 36 close(socket_fd);
489 36 return -1;
490 }
491 62 return socket_fd;
492 }
493
494
495 /**
496 * Creating a pipe should always succeed.
497 */
498 17080 void MakePipe(int pipe_fd[2]) {
499 17080 const int retval = pipe(pipe_fd);
500
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 17080 assert(retval == 0);
501 17080 }
502
503
504 /**
505 * Writes to a pipe should always succeed.
506 */
507 5678730 void WritePipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbyte) {
508 ssize_t num_bytes;
509 do {
510 5678730 num_bytes = write(fd, buf, nbyte);
511
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 5678730 } while ((num_bytes < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
512
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 5678730 assert((num_bytes >= 0) && (static_cast<size_t>(num_bytes) == nbyte));
513 5678730 }
514
515
516 /**
517 * Reads from a pipe should always succeed.
518 */
519 176273645 void ReadPipe(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbyte) {
520 ssize_t num_bytes;
521 do {
522 176273645 num_bytes = read(fd, buf, nbyte);
523
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 176273645 } while ((num_bytes < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
524
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 176273645 assert((num_bytes >= 0) && (static_cast<size_t>(num_bytes) == nbyte));
525 176273645 }
526
527
528 /**
529 * Reads from a pipe where writer's end is not yet necessarily connected
530 */
531 1602307 bool ReadHalfPipe(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbyte, unsigned timeout_ms) {
532 ssize_t num_bytes;
533 1602307 unsigned i = 0;
534 1602307 unsigned backoff_ms = 1;
535 1602307 uint64_t duration_ms = 0;
536 1602307 uint64_t timestamp = 0;
537
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 1602307 if (timeout_ms != 0)
538 43 timestamp = platform_monotonic_time_ns();
539
540 1602307 const unsigned max_backoff_ms = 256;
541 do {
542 // When the writer is not connected, this takes ~200-300ns per call as per
543 // micro benchmarks
544 1602307 num_bytes = read(fd, buf, nbyte);
545
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 1602307 if ((num_bytes < 0) && (errno == EINTR))
546 ✗ continue;
547 1602307 i++;
548 // Start backing off when the busy loop reaches the ballpark of 1ms
549
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 1602307 if ((i > 3000) && (num_bytes == 0)) {
550 // The BackoffThrottle would pull in too many dependencies
551 ✗ SafeSleepMs(backoff_ms);
552 ✗ if (backoff_ms < max_backoff_ms)
553 ✗ backoff_ms *= 2;
554 }
555
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 1602307 if ((timeout_ms != 0) && (num_bytes == 0)) {
556 ✗ duration_ms = (platform_monotonic_time_ns() - timestamp)
557 / (1000UL * 1000UL);
558 ✗ if (duration_ms > timeout_ms)
559 ✗ return false;
560 }
561
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 1602307 } while (num_bytes == 0);
562
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 1602307 assert((num_bytes >= 0) && (static_cast<size_t>(num_bytes) == nbyte));
563 1602307 return true;
564 }
565
566
567 /**
568 * Closes both ends of a pipe
569 */
570 13348 void ClosePipe(int pipe_fd[2]) {
571 13348 close(pipe_fd[0]);
572 13348 close(pipe_fd[1]);
573 13348 }
574
575
576 /**
577 * Compares two directory trees on the meta-data level. Returns true iff the
578 * trees have identical content.
579 */
580 473 bool DiffTree(const std::string &path_a, const std::string &path_b) {
581 int retval;
582 473 std::vector<std::string> ls_a;
583 473 std::vector<std::string> ls_b;
584 473 std::vector<std::string> subdirs;
585
586
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 473 DIR *dirp_a = opendir(path_a.c_str());
587
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 473 if (dirp_a == NULL)
588 ✗ return false;
589
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 473 DIR *dirp_b = opendir(path_b.c_str());
590
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 473 if (dirp_b == NULL) {
591 ✗ closedir(dirp_a);
592 ✗ return false;
593 }
594
595 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
596
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 2021 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp_a))) {
597
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 1548 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
598
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 1548 if ((name == ".") || (name == ".."))
599 946 continue;
600
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 602 const std::string path = path_a + "/" + name;
601
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 602 ls_a.push_back(path);
602
603 platform_stat64 info;
604 602 retval = platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info);
605
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 602 if (retval != 0) {
606 ✗ closedir(dirp_a);
607 ✗ closedir(dirp_b);
608 ✗ return false;
609 }
610
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 602 if (S_ISDIR(info.st_mode))
611
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 473 subdirs.push_back(name);
612
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 1548 }
613
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 2752 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp_b))) {
614
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 2279 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
615
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 2279 if ((name == ".") || (name == ".."))
616 946 continue;
617
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 1333 const std::string path = path_b + "/" + name;
618
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 1333 ls_b.push_back(path);
619
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 2279 }
620
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 473 closedir(dirp_a);
621
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 473 closedir(dirp_b);
622
623
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 473 sort(ls_a.begin(), ls_a.end());
624
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 473 sort(ls_b.begin(), ls_b.end());
625
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 473 if (ls_a.size() != ls_b.size())
626 43 return false;
627
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 860 for (unsigned i = 0; i < ls_a.size(); ++i) {
628
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 430 if (GetFileName(ls_a[i]) != GetFileName(ls_b[i]))
629 ✗ return false;
630 platform_stat64 info_a;
631 platform_stat64 info_b;
632 430 retval = platform_lstat(ls_a[i].c_str(), &info_a);
633
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 430 if (retval != 0)
634 ✗ return false;
635 430 retval = platform_lstat(ls_b[i].c_str(), &info_b);
636
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 430 if (retval != 0)
637 ✗ return false;
638
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 430 if ((info_a.st_mode != info_b.st_mode) || (info_a.st_uid != info_b.st_uid)
639
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 430 || (info_a.st_gid != info_b.st_gid)
640
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 430 || ((info_a.st_size != info_b.st_size) && !S_ISDIR(info_a.st_mode))) {
641 ✗ return false;
642 }
643 }
644
645
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 774 for (unsigned i = 0; i < subdirs.size(); ++i) {
646
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 344 const bool retval_subtree = DiffTree(path_a + "/" + subdirs[i],
647
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 688 path_b + "/" + subdirs[i]);
648
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 344 if (!retval_subtree)
649 ✗ return false;
650 }
651
652 430 return true;
653 473 }
654
655
656 /**
657 * Changes a non-blocking file descriptor to a blocking one.
658 */
659 94 void Nonblock2Block(int filedes) {
660 94 const int flags = fcntl(filedes, F_GETFL);
661
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 94 assert(flags != -1);
662 94 const int retval = fcntl(filedes, F_SETFL, flags & ~O_NONBLOCK);
663
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 94 assert(retval != -1);
664 94 }
665
666
667 /**
668 * Changes a blocking file descriptor to a non-blocking one.
669 */
670 100 void Block2Nonblock(int filedes) {
671 100 const int flags = fcntl(filedes, F_GETFL);
672
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 100 assert(flags != -1);
673 100 const int retval = fcntl(filedes, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
674
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 100 assert(retval != -1);
675 100 }
676
677
678 /**
679 * Drops the characters of string to a socket. It doesn't matter
680 * if the other side has hung up.
681 */
682 269 void SendMsg2Socket(const int fd, const std::string &msg) {
683 269 (void)send(fd, &msg[0], msg.length(), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
684 269 }
685
686 /**
687 * Sends the file descriptor passing_fd to the socket socket_fd. Can be used
688 * to transfer an open file descriptor from one process to another. Use
689 * ConnectSocket() to get the socket_fd.
690 */
691 36 bool SendFd2Socket(int socket_fd, int passing_fd) {
692 union {
693 // Make sure that ctrl_msg is properly aligned.
694 struct cmsghdr align;
695 // Buffer large enough to store the file descriptor (ancillary data)
696 unsigned char buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
697 } ctrl_msg;
698
699 36 memset(ctrl_msg.buf, 0, sizeof(ctrl_msg.buf));
700
701 struct msghdr msgh;
702 36 msgh.msg_name = NULL;
703 36 msgh.msg_namelen = 0;
704
705 36 unsigned char dummy = 0;
706 struct iovec iov;
707 36 iov.iov_base = &dummy;
708 36 iov.iov_len = 1;
709 36 msgh.msg_iov = &iov;
710 36 msgh.msg_iovlen = 1;
711
712 36 msgh.msg_control = ctrl_msg.buf;
713 36 msgh.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl_msg.buf);
714
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 36 struct cmsghdr *cmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msgh);
715 36 cmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
716 36 cmsgp->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
717 36 cmsgp->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
718 36 memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsgp), &passing_fd, sizeof(int));
719
720
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 36 const ssize_t retval = sendmsg(socket_fd, &msgh, 0);
721 36 return (retval != -1);
722 }
723
724
725 /**
726 * Returns the file descriptor that has been sent with SendFd2Socket. The
727 * msg_fd file descriptor needs to come from a call to accept() on the socket
728 * where the passing file descriptor has been sent to.
729 * Returns -errno on error.
730 */
731 ✗ int RecvFdFromSocket(int msg_fd) {
732 union {
733 // Make sure that ctrl_msg is properly aligned.
734 struct cmsghdr align;
735 // Buffer large enough to store the file descriptor (ancillary data)
736 unsigned char buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
737 } ctrl_msg;
738
739 ✗ memset(ctrl_msg.buf, 0, sizeof(ctrl_msg.buf));
740
741 struct msghdr msgh;
742 ✗ msgh.msg_name = NULL;
743 ✗ msgh.msg_namelen = 0;
744
745 unsigned char dummy;
746 struct iovec iov;
747 ✗ iov.iov_base = &dummy;
748 ✗ iov.iov_len = 1;
749 ✗ msgh.msg_iov = &iov;
750 ✗ msgh.msg_iovlen = 1;
751
752 ✗ msgh.msg_control = ctrl_msg.buf;
753 ✗ msgh.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl_msg.buf);
754
755 ✗ const ssize_t retval = recvmsg(msg_fd, &msgh, 0);
756 ✗ if (retval == -1)
757 ✗ return -errno;
758
759 ✗ struct cmsghdr *cmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msgh);
760 ✗ assert(cmsgp != NULL);
761 ✗ if (cmsgp->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
762 ✗ return -ERANGE;
763 ✗ assert(cmsgp->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET);
764 ✗ assert(cmsgp->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS);
765
766 int passing_fd;
767 ✗ memcpy(&passing_fd, CMSG_DATA(cmsgp), sizeof(int));
768 ✗ assert(passing_fd >= 0);
769 ✗ return passing_fd;
770 }
771
772
773 39 std::string GetHostname() {
774 char name[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
775 39 const int retval = gethostname(name, HOST_NAME_MAX);
776
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 39 assert(retval == 0);
777
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 39 return name;
778 }
779
780
781 /**
782 * set(e){g/u}id wrapper.
783 * If temporarily is true, reserve the ability to switch back.
784 *
785 * avoid_mutexes: if true, means that we are a forked child and must not use
786 * mutexes.
787 */
788 36 bool SwitchCredentials(const uid_t uid, const gid_t gid, const bool temporarily,
789 const bool avoid_mutexes) {
790
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 36 if (!avoid_mutexes) {
791 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug,
792 "current credentials uid %d gid %d "
793 "euid %d egid %d, switching to %d %d (temp: %d)",
794 getuid(), getgid(), geteuid(), getegid(), uid, gid, temporarily);
795 }
796 36 int retval = 0;
797
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 36 if (temporarily) {
798 ✗ if (gid != getegid())
799 ✗ retval = setegid(gid);
800 ✗ if ((retval == 0) && (uid != geteuid()))
801 ✗ retval = seteuid(uid);
802 } else {
803 // If effective uid is not root, we probably need setuid+setgid
804 // capabilities first
805
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 36 if (geteuid() != 0) {
806 36 retval = ObtainSetuidgidCapabilities(avoid_mutexes);
807
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 36 if (!retval && !avoid_mutexes) {
808 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug,
809 "unable to obtain setuid & setgid capabilities first");
810 }
811 // The setuid below will drop the capability again unless
812 // switching to root or keepcaps has been enabled.
813 }
814
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 36 retval = setgid(gid) || setuid(uid);
815 }
816
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 36 if (!avoid_mutexes) {
817 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "switch credentials result %d (%d)", retval,
818 36 errno);
819 }
820 36 return retval == 0;
821 }
822
823
824 /**
825 * Checks if the regular file path exists.
826 */
827 57432 bool FileExists(const std::string &path) {
828 platform_stat64 info;
829
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 57432 return ((platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info) == 0) && S_ISREG(info.st_mode));
830 }
831
832
833 /**
834 * Returns -1 on failure.
835 */
836 9614249 int64_t GetFileSize(const std::string &path) {
837 platform_stat64 info;
838 9614249 const int retval = platform_stat(path.c_str(), &info);
839
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 9649375 if (retval != 0)
840 9596864 return -1;
841 52511 return info.st_size;
842 }
843
844
845 /**
846 * Checks if the directory (not symlink) path exists.
847 */
848 10217 bool DirectoryExists(const std::string &path) {
849 platform_stat64 info;
850
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 10217 return ((platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info) == 0) && S_ISDIR(info.st_mode));
851 }
852
853
854 /**
855 * Checks if the symlink file path exists.
856 */
857 1357 bool SymlinkExists(const std::string &path) {
858 platform_stat64 info;
859
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 1357 return ((platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info) == 0) && S_ISLNK(info.st_mode));
860 }
861
862
863 /**
864 * Equivalent of `ln -sf $src $dest`
865 */
866 225 bool SymlinkForced(const std::string &src, const std::string &dest) {
867 225 int retval = unlink(dest.c_str());
868
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 225 if ((retval != 0) && (errno != ENOENT))
869 ✗ return false;
870 225 retval = symlink(src.c_str(), dest.c_str());
871 225 return retval == 0;
872 }
873
874
875 /**
876 * The mkdir -p command. Additionally checks if the directory is writable
877 * if it exists.
878 */
879 964989 bool MkdirDeep(const std::string &path,
880 const mode_t mode,
881 bool verify_writable) {
882
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 964989 if (path == "")
883 43 return false;
884
885 964946 int retval = mkdir(path.c_str(), mode);
886
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 964946 if (retval == 0)
887 962068 return true;
888
889 5756 if ((errno == ENOENT)
890
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 2878 && (MkdirDeep(GetParentPath(path), mode, verify_writable))) {
891 1834 return MkdirDeep(path, mode, verify_writable);
892 }
893
894
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 1044 if (errno == EEXIST) {
895 platform_stat64 info;
896
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 998 if ((platform_stat(path.c_str(), &info) == 0) && S_ISDIR(info.st_mode)) {
897
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 961 if (verify_writable) {
898 101 retval = utimes(path.c_str(), NULL);
899
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 101 if (retval == 0)
900 961 return true;
901 } else {
902 860 return true;
903 }
904 }
905 }
906
907 83 return false;
908 }
909
910
911 /**
912 * Creates the "hash cache" directory structure in path.
913 */
914 3870 bool MakeCacheDirectories(const std::string &path, const mode_t mode) {
915
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 3870 const std::string canonical_path = MakeCanonicalPath(path);
916
917
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 3870 std::string this_path = canonical_path + "/quarantaine";
918
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 3870 if (!MkdirDeep(this_path, mode, false))
919 46 return false;
920
921
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 3824 this_path = canonical_path + "/ff";
922
923 platform_stat64 stat_info;
924
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 3824 if (platform_stat(this_path.c_str(), &stat_info) != 0) {
925
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 3128 this_path = canonical_path + "/txn";
926
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 3128 if (!MkdirDeep(this_path, mode, false))
927 ✗ return false;
928
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 803896 for (int i = 0; i <= 0xff; i++) {
929 char hex[4];
930 800768 snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02x", i);
931
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 800768 this_path = canonical_path + "/" + std::string(hex);
932
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 800768 if (!MkdirDeep(this_path, mode, false))
933 ✗ return false;
934 }
935 }
936 3824 return true;
937 3870 }
938
939
940 /**
941 * Tries to locks file path, return an error if file is already locked.
942 * Creates path if required.
943 *
944 * \return file descriptor, -1 on error, -2 if it would block
945 */
946 1711 int TryLockFile(const std::string &path) {
947 1711 const int fd_lockfile = open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CREAT, 0600);
948
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 1711 if (fd_lockfile < 0)
949 43 return -1;
950
951
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 1668 if (flock(fd_lockfile, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
952 83 close(fd_lockfile);
953
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 83 if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
954 ✗ return -1;
955 83 return -2;
956 }
957
958 1585 return fd_lockfile;
959 }
960
961
962 /**
963 * Tries to write the process id in a /var/run/progname.pid like file. Returns
964 * the same as TryLockFile.
965 *
966 * \return file descriptor, -1 on error, -2 if it would block
967 */
968 156 int WritePidFile(const std::string &path) {
969
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 156 const int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0600);
970
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 156 if (fd < 0)
971 39 return -1;
972
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 117 if (flock(fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
973
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 39 close(fd);
974
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 39 if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
975 ✗ return -1;
976 39 return -2;
977 }
978
979 // Don't leak the file descriptor to exec'd children
980
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 78 int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
981
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 78 assert(flags != -1);
982 78 flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
983
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 78 flags = fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags);
984
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 78 assert(flags != -1);
985
986 char buf[64];
987
988 78 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRId64 "\n", static_cast<uint64_t>(getpid()));
989 78 const bool retval = (ftruncate(fd, 0) == 0)
990
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 78 && SafeWrite(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
991
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 78 if (!retval) {
992 ✗ UnlockFile(fd);
993 ✗ return -1;
994 }
995 78 return fd;
996 }
997
998
999 /**
1000 * Locks file path, blocks if file is already locked. Creates path if required.
1001 *
1002 * \return file descriptor, -1 on error
1003 */
1004 1841 int LockFile(const std::string &path) {
1005 1841 const int fd_lockfile = open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CREAT, 0600);
1006
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 1841 if (fd_lockfile < 0)
1007 107 return -1;
1008
1009
1010
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 1734 if (flock(fd_lockfile, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
1011
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 36 if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
1012 ✗ close(fd_lockfile);
1013 ✗ return -1;
1014 }
1015 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogSyslog, "another process holds %s, waiting.",
1016 path.c_str());
1017
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 36 if (flock(fd_lockfile, LOCK_EX) != 0) {
1018 ✗ close(fd_lockfile);
1019 ✗ return -1;
1020 }
1021 36 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogSyslog, "lock %s acquired", path.c_str());
1022 }
1023
1024 1734 return fd_lockfile;
1025 }
1026
1027
1028 3239 void UnlockFile(const int filedes) {
1029 3239 const int retval = flock(filedes, LOCK_UN);
1030
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 3239 assert(retval == 0);
1031 3239 close(filedes);
1032 3239 }
1033
1034
1035 /**
1036 * Wrapper around mkstemp.
1037 */
1038 35214 FILE *CreateTempFile(const std::string &path_prefix, const int mode,
1039 const char *open_flags, std::string *final_path) {
1040 35214 *final_path = path_prefix + ".XXXXXX";
1041 35214 char *tmp_file = strdupa(final_path->c_str());
1042 35214 const int tmp_fd = mkstemp(tmp_file);
1043
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 35214 if (tmp_fd < 0) {
1044 107 return NULL;
1045 }
1046
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 35107 if (fchmod(tmp_fd, mode) != 0) {
1047 ✗ close(tmp_fd);
1048 ✗ return NULL;
1049 }
1050
1051 35107 *final_path = tmp_file;
1052 35107 FILE *tmp_fp = fdopen(tmp_fd, open_flags);
1053
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 35107 if (!tmp_fp) {
1054 ✗ close(tmp_fd);
1055 ✗ unlink(tmp_file);
1056 ✗ return NULL;
1057 }
1058
1059 35107 return tmp_fp;
1060 }
1061
1062
1063 /**
1064 * Create the file but don't open. Use only in non-public tmp directories.
1065 */
1066 10565 std::string CreateTempPath(const std::string &path_prefix, const int mode) {
1067 10565 std::string result;
1068
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 10565 FILE *f = CreateTempFile(path_prefix, mode, "w", &result);
1069
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 10565 if (!f)
1070
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 38 return "";
1071
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 10527 fclose(f);
1072 10527 return result;
1073 10565 }
1074
1075
1076 /**
1077 * Create a directory with a unique name.
1078 */
1079 6747 std::string CreateTempDir(const std::string &path_prefix) {
1080
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 6747 const std::string dir = path_prefix + ".XXXXXX";
1081 6747 char *tmp_dir = strdupa(dir.c_str());
1082 6747 tmp_dir = mkdtemp(tmp_dir);
1083
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 6747 if (tmp_dir == NULL)
1084
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 39 return "";
1085
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 6708 return std::string(tmp_dir);
1086 6747 }
1087
1088
1089 /**
1090 * Get the current working directory of the running process
1091 */
1092 5816 std::string GetCurrentWorkingDirectory() {
1093 char cwd[PATH_MAX];
1094
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 5816 return (getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)) != NULL) ? std::string(cwd) : std::string();
1095 }
1096
1097
1098 /**
1099 * Helper class that provides callback functions for the file system traversal.
1100 */
1101 class RemoveTreeHelper {
1102 public:
1103 bool success;
1104 11484 RemoveTreeHelper() { success = true; }
1105 50546 void RemoveFile(const std::string &parent_path, const std::string &name) {
1106
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 50546 const int retval = unlink((parent_path + "/" + name).c_str());
1107
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 50546 if (retval != 0)
1108 ✗ success = false;
1109 50546 }
1110 26444 void RemoveDir(const std::string &parent_path, const std::string &name) {
1111
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 26444 const int retval = rmdir((parent_path + "/" + name).c_str());
1112
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 26444 if (retval != 0)
1113 ✗ success = false;
1114 26444 }
1115 913531 bool TryRemoveDir(const std::string &parent_path, const std::string &name) {
1116
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 913531 const int retval = rmdir((parent_path + "/" + name).c_str());
1117 913531 return (retval != 0);
1118 }
1119 };
1120
1121
1122 /**
1123 * Does rm -rf on path.
1124 */
1125 12013 bool RemoveTree(const std::string &path) {
1126 platform_stat64 info;
1127 12013 const int retval = platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info);
1128
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 12013 if (retval != 0)
1129 529 return errno == ENOENT;
1130
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 11484 if (!S_ISDIR(info.st_mode))
1131 ✗ return false;
1132
1133
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 11484 RemoveTreeHelper *remove_tree_helper = new RemoveTreeHelper();
1134
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 22968 FileSystemTraversal<RemoveTreeHelper> traversal(remove_tree_helper, "", true);
1135 11484 traversal.fn_new_file = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveFile;
1136 11484 traversal.fn_new_character_dev = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveFile;
1137 11484 traversal.fn_new_symlink = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveFile;
1138 11484 traversal.fn_new_socket = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveFile;
1139 11484 traversal.fn_new_fifo = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveFile;
1140 11484 traversal.fn_leave_dir = &RemoveTreeHelper::RemoveDir;
1141 11484 traversal.fn_new_dir_prefix = &RemoveTreeHelper::TryRemoveDir;
1142
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 11484 traversal.Recurse(path);
1143 11484 const bool result = remove_tree_helper->success;
1144
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 11484 delete remove_tree_helper;
1145
1146 11484 return result;
1147 11484 }
1148
1149
1150 /**
1151 * Returns ls $dir/GLOB$suffix
1152 */
1153 457 std::vector<std::string> FindFilesBySuffix(const std::string &dir,
1154 const std::string &suffix) {
1155 457 std::vector<std::string> result;
1156
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 457 DIR *dirp = opendir(dir.c_str());
1157
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 457 if (!dirp)
1158 285 return result;
1159
1160 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
1161
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 1140 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp))) {
1162
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 968 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
1163 968 if ((name.length() >= suffix.length())
1164
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 1936 && (name.substr(name.length() - suffix.length()) == suffix)) {
1165
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 383 result.push_back(dir + "/" + name);
1166 }
1167 968 }
1168
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 172 closedir(dirp);
1169
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 172 std::sort(result.begin(), result.end());
1170 172 return result;
1171 }
1172
1173
1174 /**
1175 * Returns ls $dir/$prefixGLOB
1176 */
1177 215 std::vector<std::string> FindFilesByPrefix(const std::string &dir,
1178 const std::string &prefix) {
1179 215 std::vector<std::string> result;
1180
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 215 DIR *dirp = opendir(dir.c_str());
1181
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 215 if (!dirp)
1182 43 return result;
1183
1184 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
1185
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 1204 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp))) {
1186
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 1032 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
1187 1032 if ((name.length() >= prefix.length())
1188
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 2064 && (name.substr(0, prefix.length()) == prefix)) {
1189
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 473 result.push_back(dir + "/" + name);
1190 }
1191 1032 }
1192
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 172 closedir(dirp);
1193
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 172 std::sort(result.begin(), result.end());
1194 172 return result;
1195 }
1196
1197
1198 /**
1199 * Finds all direct subdirectories under parent_dir (except ., ..). Used,
1200 * for instance, to parse /etc/cvmfs/repositories.d/<reponoame>
1201 */
1202 156 std::vector<std::string> FindDirectories(const std::string &parent_dir) {
1203 156 std::vector<std::string> result;
1204
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 156 DIR *dirp = opendir(parent_dir.c_str());
1205
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 156 if (!dirp)
1206 ✗ return result;
1207
1208 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
1209
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 819 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp))) {
1210
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 663 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
1211
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 663 if ((name == ".") || (name == ".."))
1212 312 continue;
1213
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 351 const std::string path = parent_dir + "/" + name;
1214
1215 platform_stat64 info;
1216 351 const int retval = platform_stat(path.c_str(), &info);
1217
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 351 if (retval != 0)
1218 ✗ continue;
1219
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 351 if (S_ISDIR(info.st_mode))
1220
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 273 result.push_back(path);
1221
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 663 }
1222
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 156 closedir(dirp);
1223
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 156 sort(result.begin(), result.end());
1224 156 return result;
1225 }
1226
1227
1228 /**
1229 * Finds all files and direct subdirectories under directory (except ., ..).
1230 */
1231 324 bool ListDirectory(const std::string &directory,
1232 std::vector<std::string> *names,
1233 std::vector<mode_t> *modes) {
1234 324 DIR *dirp = opendir(directory.c_str());
1235
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 324 if (!dirp)
1236 43 return false;
1237
1238 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
1239
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 4330 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp))) {
1240
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 4049 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
1241
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 4049 if ((name == ".") || (name == ".."))
1242 562 continue;
1243
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 3487 const std::string path = directory + "/" + name;
1244
1245 platform_stat64 info;
1246 3487 const int retval = platform_lstat(path.c_str(), &info);
1247
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 3487 if (retval != 0) {
1248 ✗ closedir(dirp);
1249 ✗ return false;
1250 }
1251
1252
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 3487 names->push_back(name);
1253
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 3487 modes->push_back(info.st_mode);
1254
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 4049 }
1255 281 closedir(dirp);
1256
1257 281 SortTeam(names, modes);
1258 281 return true;
1259 }
1260
1261
1262 /**
1263 * Looks whether exe is an executable file. If exe is not an absolute path,
1264 * searches the PATH environment.
1265 */
1266 108 std::string FindExecutable(const std::string &exe) {
1267
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 108 if (exe.empty())
1268 ✗ return "";
1269
1270 108 std::vector<std::string> search_paths;
1271
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 108 if (exe[0] == '/') {
1272
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 36 search_paths.push_back(GetParentPath(exe));
1273 } else {
1274 72 char *path_env = getenv("PATH");
1275
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 72 if (path_env) {
1276
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 72 search_paths = SplitString(path_env, ':');
1277 }
1278 }
1279
1280
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 432 for (unsigned i = 0; i < search_paths.size(); ++i) {
1281
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 396 if (search_paths[i].empty())
1282 324 continue;
1283
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 396 if (search_paths[i][0] != '/')
1284 ✗ continue;
1285
1286
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 792 std::string path = search_paths[i] + "/" + GetFileName(exe);
1287 platform_stat64 info;
1288 396 int retval = platform_stat(path.c_str(), &info);
1289
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 396 if (retval != 0)
1290 324 continue;
1291
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 72 if (!S_ISREG(info.st_mode))
1292 ✗ continue;
1293 72 retval = access(path.c_str(), X_OK);
1294
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 72 if (retval != 0)
1295 ✗ continue;
1296
1297 72 return path;
1298
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 396 }
1299
1300
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 36 return "";
1301 108 }
1302
1303
1304 43 std::string GetUserName() {
1305 struct passwd pwd;
1306 43 struct passwd *result = NULL;
1307 43 int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1308 43 char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1309
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 43 while (getpwuid_r(geteuid(), &pwd, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1310 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1311 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1312 }
1313
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 43 if (result == NULL) {
1314 ✗ free(buf);
1315 ✗ return "";
1316 }
1317
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 43 std::string user_name = pwd.pw_name;
1318 43 free(buf);
1319 43 return user_name;
1320 43 }
1321
1322 ✗ std::string GetShell() {
1323 struct passwd pwd;
1324 ✗ struct passwd *result = NULL;
1325 ✗ int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1326 ✗ char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1327 ✗ while (getpwuid_r(geteuid(), &pwd, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1328 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1329 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1330 }
1331 ✗ if (result == NULL) {
1332 ✗ free(buf);
1333 ✗ return "";
1334 }
1335 ✗ std::string shell = pwd.pw_shell;
1336 ✗ free(buf);
1337 ✗ return shell;
1338 }
1339
1340 /**
1341 * UID -> Name from passwd database
1342 */
1343 38 bool GetUserNameOf(uid_t uid, std::string *username) {
1344 struct passwd pwd;
1345 38 struct passwd *result = NULL;
1346 38 int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1347 38 char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1348
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 38 while (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwd, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1349 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1350 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1351 }
1352
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 38 if (result == NULL) {
1353 ✗ free(buf);
1354 ✗ return false;
1355 }
1356
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 38 if (username)
1357
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 38 *username = result->pw_name;
1358 38 free(buf);
1359 38 return true;
1360 }
1361
1362
1363 /**
1364 * Name -> UID from passwd database
1365 */
1366 142 bool GetUidOf(const std::string &username, uid_t *uid, gid_t *main_gid) {
1367 struct passwd pwd;
1368 142 struct passwd *result = NULL;
1369 142 int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1370 142 char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1371
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 142 while (getpwnam_r(username.c_str(), &pwd, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1372 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1373 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1374 }
1375
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 142 if (result == NULL) {
1376 36 free(buf);
1377 36 return false;
1378 }
1379 106 *uid = result->pw_uid;
1380 106 *main_gid = result->pw_gid;
1381 106 free(buf);
1382 106 return true;
1383 }
1384
1385
1386 /**
1387 * Name -> GID from groups database
1388 */
1389 72 bool GetGidOf(const std::string &groupname, gid_t *gid) {
1390 struct group grp;
1391 72 struct group *result = NULL;
1392 72 int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1393 72 char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1394
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 72 while (getgrnam_r(groupname.c_str(), &grp, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1395 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1396 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1397 }
1398
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 72 if (result == NULL) {
1399 36 free(buf);
1400 36 return false;
1401 }
1402 36 *gid = result->gr_gid;
1403 36 free(buf);
1404 36 return true;
1405 }
1406
1407 /**
1408 * read the current umask of this process
1409 * Note: umask query is guarded by a global mutex. Hence, always use
1410 * this function and beware of scalability bottlenecks
1411 */
1412 1350 mode_t GetUmask() {
1413 1350 const MutexLockGuard m(&getumask_mutex);
1414 1350 const mode_t my_umask = umask(0);
1415 1350 umask(my_umask);
1416 2700 return my_umask;
1417 1350 }
1418
1419
1420 /**
1421 * Adds gid to the list of supplementary groups
1422 */
1423 ✗ bool AddGroup2Persona(const gid_t gid) {
1424 ✗ const int ngroups = getgroups(0, NULL);
1425 ✗ if (ngroups < 0)
1426 ✗ return false;
1427 ✗ gid_t *groups = static_cast<gid_t *>(smalloc((ngroups + 1) * sizeof(gid_t)));
1428 ✗ int retval = getgroups(ngroups, groups);
1429 ✗ if (retval < 0) {
1430 ✗ free(groups);
1431 ✗ return false;
1432 }
1433 ✗ for (int i = 0; i < ngroups; ++i) {
1434 ✗ if (groups[i] == gid) {
1435 ✗ free(groups);
1436 ✗ return true;
1437 }
1438 }
1439 ✗ groups[ngroups] = gid;
1440 ✗ retval = setgroups(ngroups + 1, groups);
1441 ✗ free(groups);
1442 ✗ return retval == 0;
1443 }
1444
1445
1446 86 std::string GetHomeDirectory() {
1447 86 const uid_t uid = getuid();
1448 struct passwd pwd;
1449 86 struct passwd *result = NULL;
1450 86 int bufsize = 16 * 1024;
1451 86 char *buf = static_cast<char *>(smalloc(bufsize));
1452
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 86 while (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwd, buf, bufsize, &result) == ERANGE) {
1453 ✗ bufsize *= 2;
1454 ✗ buf = static_cast<char *>(srealloc(buf, bufsize));
1455 }
1456
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 86 if (result == NULL) {
1457 ✗ free(buf);
1458 ✗ return "";
1459 }
1460
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 86 std::string home_dir = result->pw_dir;
1461 86 free(buf);
1462 86 return home_dir;
1463 86 }
1464
1465 /**
1466 * Returns the output of `uname -m`
1467 */
1468 38 std::string GetArch() {
1469 struct utsname info;
1470 38 const int retval = uname(&info);
1471
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 38 assert(retval == 0);
1472
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 38 return info.machine;
1473 }
1474
1475
1476 /**
1477 * Sets soft and hard limit for maximum number of open file descriptors.
1478 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure, -2 if running under valgrind.
1479 */
1480 130 int SetLimitNoFile(unsigned limit_nofile) {
1481 struct rlimit rpl;
1482 130 memset(&rpl, 0, sizeof(rpl));
1483 130 getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rpl);
1484
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 130 if (rpl.rlim_max < limit_nofile)
1485 73 rpl.rlim_max = limit_nofile;
1486 130 rpl.rlim_cur = limit_nofile;
1487 130 const int retval = setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rpl);
1488
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 130 if (retval == 0)
1489 57 return 0;
1490
1491 #ifdef HAS_VALGRIND_HEADERS
1492
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 73 return RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND ? -2 : -1;
1493 #else
1494 return -1;
1495 #endif
1496 }
1497
1498
1499 /**
1500 * Get the file descriptor limits
1501 */
1502 277 void GetLimitNoFile(unsigned *soft_limit, unsigned *hard_limit) {
1503 277 *soft_limit = 0;
1504 277 *hard_limit = 0;
1505
1506 struct rlimit rpl;
1507 277 memset(&rpl, 0, sizeof(rpl));
1508 277 getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rpl);
1509 277 *soft_limit = rpl.rlim_cur;
1510
1511 #ifdef __APPLE__
1512 int value = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
1513 assert(value > 0);
1514 *hard_limit = value;
1515 #else
1516 277 *hard_limit = rpl.rlim_max;
1517 #endif
1518 277 }
1519
1520
1521 /**
1522 * Sets soft and hard limit for maximum core size
1523 */
1524 ✗ bool SetLimitCore(unsigned limit_core) {
1525 struct rlimit rpl;
1526 ✗ memset(&rpl, 0, sizeof(rpl));
1527 ✗ rpl.rlim_max = limit_core;
1528 ✗ rpl.rlim_cur = limit_core;
1529 ✗ return (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rpl) == 0);
1530 }
1531
1532
1533 39 std::vector<LsofEntry> Lsof(const std::string &path) {
1534 39 std::vector<LsofEntry> result;
1535
1536 39 std::vector<std::string> proc_names;
1537 39 std::vector<mode_t> proc_modes;
1538
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 39 ListDirectory("/proc", &proc_names, &proc_modes);
1539
1540
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 2496 for (unsigned i = 0; i < proc_names.size(); ++i) {
1541
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 2457 if (!S_ISDIR(proc_modes[i]))
1542 2301 continue;
1543
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 546 if (proc_names[i].find_first_not_of("1234567890") != std::string::npos)
1544 390 continue;
1545
1546 156 std::vector<std::string> fd_names;
1547 156 std::vector<mode_t> fd_modes;
1548
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 156 const std::string proc_dir = "/proc/" + proc_names[i];
1549
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 156 const std::string fd_dir = proc_dir + "/fd";
1550
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 156 const bool rvb = ListDirectory(fd_dir, &fd_names, &fd_modes);
1551 156 uid_t proc_uid = 0;
1552
1553 // The working directory of the process requires special handling
1554
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 156 if (rvb) {
1555 platform_stat64 info;
1556 156 platform_stat(proc_dir.c_str(), &info);
1557 156 proc_uid = info.st_uid;
1558
1559
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 156 const std::string cwd = ReadSymlink(proc_dir + "/cwd");
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 156 if (HasPrefix(cwd + "/", path + "/", false /* ignore_case */)) {
1561 39 LsofEntry entry;
1562
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 39 entry.pid = static_cast<pid_t>(String2Uint64(proc_names[i]));
1563 39 entry.owner = proc_uid;
1564 39 entry.read_only = true; // A bit sloppy but good enough for the moment
1565
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 39 entry.executable = ReadSymlink(proc_dir + "/exe");
1566
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 39 entry.path = cwd;
1567
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 39 result.push_back(entry);
1568 39 }
1569 156 }
1570
1571
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 1014 for (unsigned j = 0; j < fd_names.size(); ++j) {
1572
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 858 if (!S_ISLNK(fd_modes[j]))
1573 819 continue;
1574
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 858 if (fd_names[j].find_first_not_of("1234567890") != std::string::npos)
1575 ✗ continue;
1576
1577
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 1716 const std::string target = ReadSymlink(fd_dir + "/" + fd_names[j]);
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 858 if (!HasPrefix(target + "/", path + "/", false /* ignore_case */))
1579 819 continue;
1580
1581 39 LsofEntry entry;
1582
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 39 entry.pid = static_cast<pid_t>(String2Uint64(proc_names[i]));
1583 39 entry.owner = proc_uid;
1584 39 entry.read_only = !((fd_modes[j] & S_IWUSR) == S_IWUSR);
1585
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 39 entry.executable = ReadSymlink(proc_dir + "/exe");
1586
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 39 entry.path = target;
1587
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 39 result.push_back(entry);
1588
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 858 }
1589 156 }
1590
1591 78 return result;
1592 39 }
1593
1594
1595 123 bool ProcessExists(pid_t pid) {
1596
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 123 assert(pid > 0);
1597 123 const int retval = kill(pid, 0);
1598
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 123 if (retval == 0)
1599 82 return true;
1600 41 return (errno != ESRCH);
1601 }
1602
1603
1604 /**
1605 * Blocks a signal for the calling thread.
1606 */
1607 70 void BlockSignal(int signum) {
1608 sigset_t sigset;
1609 70 int retval = sigemptyset(&sigset);
1610
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 70 assert(retval == 0);
1611 70 retval = sigaddset(&sigset, signum);
1612
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 70 assert(retval == 0);
1613 70 retval = pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL);
1614
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 70 assert(retval == 0);
1615 70 }
1616
1617
1618 /**
1619 * Waits for a signal. The signal should be blocked before for all threads.
1620 * Threads inherit their parent's signal mask.
1621 */
1622 43 void WaitForSignal(int signum) {
1623 int retval;
1624 do {
1625 43 retval = platform_sigwait(signum);
1626
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 43 } while ((retval != signum) && (errno == EINTR));
1627
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 43 assert(retval == signum);
1628 43 }
1629
1630
1631 /**
1632 * Returns -1 if the child crashed or the exit code otherwise.
1633 * @param pid Process identifier.
1634 * @param sig_ok List of signals that are still considered a successful
1635 * termination.
1636 */
1637 192 int WaitForChild(pid_t pid, const std::vector<int> &sig_ok) {
1638
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 192 assert(pid > 0);
1639 int statloc;
1640 while (true) {
1641
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 192 const pid_t retval = waitpid(pid, &statloc, 0);
1642
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 192 if (retval == -1) {
1643
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 30 if (errno == EINTR)
1644 ✗ continue;
1645 30 PANIC(kLogSyslogErr | kLogDebug, "waitpid failed with errno %d", errno);
1646 }
1647
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 162 assert(retval == pid);
1648 162 break;
1649 }
1650
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 162 if (WIFEXITED(statloc))
1651 132 return WEXITSTATUS(statloc);
1652 60 if (WIFSIGNALED(statloc)
1653
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 90 && (std::find(sig_ok.begin(), sig_ok.end(), WTERMSIG(statloc))
1654
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 90 != sig_ok.end()))
1655 ✗ return 0;
1656 30 return -1;
1657 }
1658
1659 /**
1660 * Exec a command as a daemon.
1661 */
1662
1663 ✗ bool ExecAsDaemon(const std::vector<std::string> &command_line,
1664 pid_t *child_pid) {
1665 ✗ assert(command_line.size() >= 1);
1666
1667 ✗ Pipe<kPipeDetachedChild> pipe_fork;
1668 ✗ const pid_t pid = fork();
1669 ✗ assert(pid >= 0);
1670 ✗ if (pid == 0) {
1671 pid_t pid_grand_child;
1672
1673 ✗ const char *argv[command_line.size() + 1];
1674 ✗ for (unsigned i = 0; i < command_line.size(); ++i)
1675 ✗ argv[i] = command_line[i].c_str();
1676 ✗ argv[command_line.size()] = NULL;
1677 ✗ int retval = setsid();
1678 ✗ assert(retval != -1);
1679
1680 ✗ pid_grand_child = fork();
1681 ✗ assert(pid_grand_child >= 0);
1682
1683 ✗ if (pid_grand_child != 0) {
1684 ✗ pipe_fork.Write<pid_t>(pid_grand_child);
1685 ✗ _exit(0);
1686 } else {
1687 ✗ const int null_read = open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
1688 ✗ const int null_write = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
1689 ✗ assert((null_read >= 0) && (null_write >= 0));
1690 ✗ retval = dup2(null_read, 0);
1691 ✗ assert(retval == 0);
1692 ✗ retval = dup2(null_write, 1);
1693 ✗ assert(retval == 1);
1694 ✗ retval = dup2(null_write, 2);
1695 ✗ assert(retval == 2);
1696 ✗ close(null_read);
1697 ✗ close(null_write);
1698
1699 ✗ execvp(command_line[0].c_str(), const_cast<char **>(argv));
1700
1701 ✗ pipe_fork.CloseWriteFd();
1702 }
1703 }
1704 int statloc;
1705 ✗ waitpid(pid, &statloc, 0);
1706 ✗ pid_t buf_child_pid = 0;
1707 ✗ pipe_fork.Read(&buf_child_pid);
1708 ✗ if (child_pid != NULL)
1709 ✗ *child_pid = buf_child_pid;
1710 ✗ pipe_fork.CloseReadFd();
1711
1712 ✗ LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "exec'd as daemon %s (PID: %d)",
1713 ✗ command_line[0].c_str(), static_cast<int>(*child_pid));
1714 ✗ return true;
1715 }
1716
1717
1718 /**
1719 * Makes a daemon. The daemon() call is deprecated on OS X
1720 */
1721 ✗ void Daemonize() {
1722 pid_t pid;
1723 int statloc;
1724 ✗ if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1725 ✗ int retval = setsid();
1726 ✗ assert(retval != -1);
1727 ✗ if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1728
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 49 const int null_read = open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
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 49 const int null_write = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
1730
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 49 assert((null_read >= 0) && (null_write >= 0));
1731 49 retval = dup2(null_read, 0);
1732
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 49 assert(retval == 0);
1733 49 retval = dup2(null_write, 1);
1734
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 49 assert(retval == 1);
1735 49 retval = dup2(null_write, 2);
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 49 assert(retval == 2);
1737
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 49 close(null_read);
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 49 close(null_write);
1739
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 49 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "daemonized");
1740 } else {
1741 ✗ assert(pid > 0);
1742 ✗ _exit(0);
1743 }
1744 } else {
1745 ✗ assert(pid > 0);
1746 ✗ waitpid(pid, &statloc, 0);
1747 ✗ _exit(0);
1748 }
1749 49 }
1750
1751
1752 647 bool ExecuteBinary(int *fd_stdin,
1753 int *fd_stdout,
1754 int *fd_stderr,
1755 const std::string &binary_path,
1756 const std::vector<std::string> &argv,
1757 const bool double_fork,
1758 pid_t *child_pid) {
1759 int pipe_stdin[2];
1760 int pipe_stdout[2];
1761 int pipe_stderr[2];
1762
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 647 MakePipe(pipe_stdin);
1763
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 647 MakePipe(pipe_stdout);
1764
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 647 MakePipe(pipe_stderr);
1765
1766 647 std::set<int> preserve_fildes;
1767
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 647 preserve_fildes.insert(0);
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 647 preserve_fildes.insert(1);
1769
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 647 preserve_fildes.insert(2);
1770 647 std::map<int, int> map_fildes;
1771
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 647 map_fildes[pipe_stdin[0]] = 0; // Reading end of pipe_stdin
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 647 map_fildes[pipe_stdout[1]] = 1; // Writing end of pipe_stdout
1773
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 647 map_fildes[pipe_stderr[1]] = 2; // Writing end of pipe_stderr
1774 647 std::vector<std::string> cmd_line;
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 647 cmd_line.push_back(binary_path);
1776
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 647 cmd_line.insert(cmd_line.end(), argv.begin(), argv.end());
1777
1778
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 647 if (!ManagedExec(cmd_line,
1779 preserve_fildes,
1780 map_fildes,
1781 true /* drop_credentials */,
1782 false /* clear_env */,
1783 double_fork,
1784 child_pid)) {
1785 ✗ ClosePipe(pipe_stdin);
1786 ✗ ClosePipe(pipe_stdout);
1787 ✗ ClosePipe(pipe_stderr);
1788 ✗ return false;
1789 }
1790
1791
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 647 close(pipe_stdin[0]);
1792
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 647 close(pipe_stdout[1]);
1793
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 647 close(pipe_stderr[1]);
1794 647 *fd_stdin = pipe_stdin[1];
1795 647 *fd_stdout = pipe_stdout[0];
1796 647 *fd_stderr = pipe_stderr[0];
1797 647 return true;
1798 647 }
1799
1800
1801 /**
1802 * Opens /bin/sh and provides file descriptors to write into stdin and
1803 * read from stdout. Quit shell simply by closing stderr, stdout, and stdin.
1804 */
1805 532 bool Shell(int *fd_stdin, int *fd_stdout, int *fd_stderr) {
1806 532 const bool double_fork = true;
1807
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 1064 return ExecuteBinary(fd_stdin, fd_stdout, fd_stderr, "/bin/sh",
1808 1596 std::vector<std::string>(), double_fork);
1809 }
1810
1811 struct ForkFailures { // TODO(rmeusel): C++11 (type safe enum)
1812 enum Names {
1813 kSendPid,
1814 kUnknown,
1815 kFailDupFd,
1816 kFailCloseFds,
1817 kFailGetFdFlags,
1818 kFailSetFdFlags,
1819 kFailDropCredentials,
1820 kFailExec,
1821 };
1822
1823 ✗ static std::string ToString(const Names name) {
1824 ✗ switch (name) {
1825 ✗ case kSendPid:
1826 ✗ return "Sending PID";
1827
1828 ✗ default:
1829 case kUnknown:
1830 ✗ return "Unknown Status";
1831 ✗ case kFailDupFd:
1832 ✗ return "Duplicate File Descriptor";
1833 ✗ case kFailCloseFds:
1834 ✗ return "Close File Descriptors";
1835 ✗ case kFailGetFdFlags:
1836 ✗ return "Read File Descriptor Flags";
1837 ✗ case kFailSetFdFlags:
1838 ✗ return "Set File Descriptor Flags";
1839 ✗ case kFailDropCredentials:
1840 ✗ return "Lower User Permissions";
1841 ✗ case kFailExec:
1842 ✗ return "Invoking execvp()";
1843 }
1844 }
1845 };
1846
1847 /**
1848 * Loop through all possible FDs and close them.
1849 */
1850 5 static bool CloseAllFildesUntilMaxFD(const std::set<int> &preserve_fildes,
1851 long max_fd) { // NOLINT(runtime/int)
1852
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 2505 for (long fd = 0; fd < max_fd; fd++) { // NOLINT(runtime/int)
1853
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 2500 if (preserve_fildes.count(static_cast<int>(fd)) == 0) {
1854 2475 close(static_cast<int>(fd));
1855 }
1856 }
1857
1858 5 return true;
1859 }
1860
1861 /**
1862 * Enumerate currently open file descriptors via a procfs-like directory
1863 * (/proc/self/fd on Linux, /dev/fd on macOS) and close the ones not in
1864 * preserve_fildes.
1865 */
1866 46 static bool CloseAllFildesInFdDir(const char *fd_dir,
1867 const std::set<int> &preserve_fildes) {
1868 46 DIR *dirp = opendir(fd_dir);
1869
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 46 if (!dirp)
1870 ✗ return false;
1871
1872 platform_dirent64 *dirent;
1873
1874
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 1018 while ((dirent = platform_readdir(dirp))) {
1875
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 972 const std::string name(dirent->d_name);
1876 uint64_t name_uint64;
1877
1878 // Make sure the dir name is digits only (skips ".", ".." and similar).
1879
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 972 if (!String2Uint64Parse(name, &name_uint64)) {
1880 92 continue;
1881 }
1882
1883 880 const int fd = static_cast<int>(name_uint64);
1884
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 880 if (preserve_fildes.count(fd)) {
1885 228 continue;
1886 }
1887
1888
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 652 close(fd);
1889
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 972 }
1890
1891 46 closedir(dirp);
1892
1893 46 return true;
1894 }
1895
1896 /**
1897 * Closes all file descriptors except the ones in preserve_fildes.
1898 * To be used after fork but before exec.
1899 */
1900 51 bool CloseAllFildes(const std::set<int> &preserve_fildes) {
1901 51 const long max_fd = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX); // NOLINT(runtime/int)
1902
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 51 if (max_fd < 0) {
1903 ✗ return false;
1904 }
1905
1906 // When RLIMIT_NOFILE is unbounded (sysconf returns LONG_MAX) or simply very
1907 // large, iterating [0, max_fd) is impractical. Enumerate the actually open
1908 // fds via the kernel's fd directory instead.
1909
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 51 if (max_fd > 100000) {
1910 #ifdef __APPLE__
1911 return CloseAllFildesInFdDir("/dev/fd", preserve_fildes);
1912 #else
1913 46 return CloseAllFildesInFdDir("/proc/self/fd", preserve_fildes);
1914 #endif
1915 }
1916
1917 5 return CloseAllFildesUntilMaxFD(preserve_fildes, max_fd);
1918 }
1919
1920 /**
1921 * Execve to the given command line, preserving the given file descriptors.
1922 * If stdin, stdout, stderr should be preserved, add 0, 1, 2.
1923 * File descriptors from the parent process can also be mapped to the new
1924 * process (dup2) using map_fildes. Can be useful for
1925 * stdout/in/err redirection.
1926 * NOTE: The destination fildes have to be preserved!
1927 * NOTE: For forked child, held mutexes have invalid state, avoid operations.
1928 * Does a double fork to detach child.
1929 * The command_line parameter contains the binary at index 0 and the arguments
1930 * in the rest of the vector.
1931 * Using the optional parameter *pid it is possible to retrieve the process ID
1932 * of the spawned process.
1933 */
1934 738 bool ManagedExec(const std::vector<std::string> &command_line,
1935 const std::set<int> &preserve_fildes,
1936 const std::map<int, int> &map_fildes,
1937 const bool drop_credentials,
1938 const bool clear_env,
1939 const bool double_fork,
1940 pid_t *child_pid) {
1941
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 738 assert(command_line.size() >= 1);
1942
1943
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 738 Pipe<kPipeDetachedChild> pipe_fork;
1944 738 const pid_t pid = fork();
1945
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 740 assert(pid >= 0);
1946
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 740 if (pid == 0) {
1947 pid_t pid_grand_child;
1948 int fd_flags;
1949 2 ForkFailures::Names failed = ForkFailures::kUnknown;
1950
1951 2 std::set<int> skip_fds = preserve_fildes;
1952
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 2 skip_fds.insert(pipe_fork.GetWriteFd());
1953
1954
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 2 if (clear_env) {
1955 #ifdef __APPLE__
1956 environ = NULL;
1957 #else
1958 ✗ const int retval = clearenv();
1959 ✗ assert(retval == 0);
1960 #endif
1961 }
1962
1963 2 const char *argv[command_line.size() + 1];
1964
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 5 for (unsigned i = 0; i < command_line.size(); ++i)
1965 3 argv[i] = command_line[i].c_str();
1966 2 argv[command_line.size()] = NULL;
1967
1968 // Child, map file descriptors
1969 4 for (std::map<int, int>::const_iterator i = map_fildes.begin(),
1970 2 iEnd = map_fildes.end();
1971
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 8 i != iEnd;
1972 6 ++i) {
1973 6 const int retval = dup2(i->first, i->second);
1974
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 6 if (retval == -1) {
1975 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailDupFd;
1976 ✗ goto fork_failure;
1977 }
1978 }
1979
1980 // Child, close file descriptors
1981
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 2 if (!CloseAllFildes(skip_fds)) {
1982 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailCloseFds;
1983 ✗ goto fork_failure;
1984 }
1985
1986 // Double fork to disconnect from parent
1987
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 2 if (double_fork) {
1988 ✗ pid_grand_child = fork();
1989
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 28 assert(pid_grand_child >= 0);
1990
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 28 if (pid_grand_child != 0)
1991 ✗ _exit(0);
1992 }
1993
1994
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 30 fd_flags = fcntl(pipe_fork.GetWriteFd(), F_GETFD);
1995
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 30 if (fd_flags < 0) {
1996 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailGetFdFlags;
1997 ✗ goto fork_failure;
1998 }
1999 30 fd_flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
2000
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 30 if (fcntl(pipe_fork.GetWriteFd(), F_SETFD, fd_flags) < 0) {
2001 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailSetFdFlags;
2002 ✗ goto fork_failure;
2003 }
2004
2005 #ifdef DEBUGMSG
2006
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 30 assert(setenv("__CVMFS_DEBUG_MODE__", "yes", 1) == 0);
2007 #endif
2008
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 30 if (drop_credentials && SetuidCapabilityPermitted() &&
2009 ✗ !SwitchCredentials(geteuid(),
2010 getegid(),
2011 false /* temporarily */,
2012 true /* avoid_mutexes */)) {
2013 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailDropCredentials;
2014 ✗ goto fork_failure;
2015 }
2016
2017 // retrieve the PID of the new (grand) child process and send it to the
2018 // grand father
2019 30 pid_grand_child = getpid();
2020 30 failed = ForkFailures::kSendPid;
2021
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 30 pipe_fork.Write<ForkFailures::Names>(failed);
2022
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 30 pipe_fork.Write<pid_t>(pid_grand_child);
2023
2024 30 execvp(command_line[0].c_str(), const_cast<char **>(argv));
2025
2026 ✗ failed = ForkFailures::kFailExec;
2027
2028 ✗ fork_failure:
2029 ✗ pipe_fork.Write<ForkFailures::Names>(failed);
2030 ✗ _exit(1);
2031
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 2 }
2032
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 738 if (double_fork) {
2033 int statloc;
2034
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 666 waitpid(pid, &statloc, 0);
2035 }
2036
2037
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 738 pipe_fork.CloseWriteFd();
2038
2039 // Either the PID or a return value is sent
2040 ForkFailures::Names status_code;
2041
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 738 pipe_fork.Read<ForkFailures::Names>(&status_code);
2042
2043
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 738 if (status_code != ForkFailures::kSendPid) {
2044 ✗ pipe_fork.CloseReadFd();
2045 ✗ LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "managed execve failed (%s)",
2046 ✗ ForkFailures::ToString(status_code).c_str());
2047 ✗ return false;
2048 }
2049
2050 // read the PID of the spawned process if requested
2051 // (the actual read needs to be done in any case!)
2052 738 pid_t buf_child_pid = 0;
2053
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 738 pipe_fork.Read(&buf_child_pid);
2054
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 738 if (child_pid != NULL)
2055 206 *child_pid = buf_child_pid;
2056
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 738 pipe_fork.CloseReadFd();
2057
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 738 LogCvmfs(kLogCvmfs, kLogDebug, "execve'd %s (PID: %d)",
2058 738 command_line[0].c_str(), static_cast<int>(buf_child_pid));
2059 738 return true;
2060 738 }
2061
2062
2063 /**
2064 * Sleeps using select. This is without signals and doesn't interfere with
2065 * other uses of the ALRM signal.
2066 */
2067 1225 void SafeSleepMs(const unsigned ms) {
2068 struct timeval wait_for;
2069 1225 wait_for.tv_sec = ms / 1000;
2070 1225 wait_for.tv_usec = (ms % 1000) * 1000;
2071
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 1225 select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &wait_for);
2072 1202 }
2073
2074
2075 /**
2076 * Deal with EINTR and partial writes.
2077 */
2078 3500 bool SafeWrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbyte) {
2079
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 6823 while (nbyte) {
2080 3500 const ssize_t retval = write(fd, buf, nbyte);
2081
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 3500 if (retval < 0) {
2082
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 177 if (errno == EINTR)
2083 ✗ continue;
2084 177 return false;
2085 }
2086
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 3323 assert(static_cast<size_t>(retval) <= nbyte);
2087 3323 buf = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buf) + retval;
2088 3323 nbyte -= retval;
2089 }
2090 3323 return true;
2091 }
2092
2093 /**
2094 * The contents of the iov vector might be modified by the function.
2095 */
2096 185166 bool SafeWriteV(int fd, struct iovec *iov, unsigned iovcnt) {
2097 185166 unsigned nbytes = 0;
2098
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 706849 for (unsigned i = 0; i < iovcnt; ++i)
2099 521683 nbytes += iov[i].iov_len;
2100 185166 unsigned iov_idx = 0;
2101
2102
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 185192 while (nbytes) {
2103 370332 const ssize_t retval = writev(fd, &iov[iov_idx],
2104 185166 static_cast<int>(iovcnt - iov_idx));
2105
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 185166 if (retval < 0) {
2106 ✗ if (errno == EINTR)
2107 ✗ continue;
2108 ✗ return false;
2109 }
2110
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 185166 assert(static_cast<size_t>(retval) <= nbytes);
2111 185166 nbytes -= retval;
2112
2113 185166 unsigned sum_written_blocks = 0;
2114 185166 while ((sum_written_blocks + iov[iov_idx].iov_len)
2115
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 521605 <= static_cast<size_t>(retval)) {
2116 521579 sum_written_blocks += iov[iov_idx].iov_len;
2117 521579 iov_idx++;
2118
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 521579 if (iov_idx == iovcnt) {
2119
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 185140 assert(sum_written_blocks == static_cast<size_t>(retval));
2120 185140 return true;
2121 }
2122 }
2123 26 const unsigned offset = retval - sum_written_blocks;
2124 26 iov[iov_idx].iov_len -= offset;
2125 26 iov[iov_idx].iov_base = reinterpret_cast<char *>(iov[iov_idx].iov_base)
2126 26 + offset;
2127 }
2128
2129 26 return true;
2130 }
2131
2132
2133 /**
2134 * Deal with EINTR and partial reads.
2135 */
2136 11587126 ssize_t SafeRead(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbyte) {
2137 11587126 ssize_t total_bytes = 0;
2138
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 23415282 while (nbyte) {
2139 11826488 const ssize_t retval = read(fd, buf, nbyte);
2140
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 11853460 if (retval < 0) {
2141
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 64 if (errno == EINTR)
2142 ✗ continue;
2143 64 return -1;
2144
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 11853396 } else if (retval == 0) {
2145 25240 return total_bytes;
2146 }
2147
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 11828156 assert(static_cast<size_t>(retval) <= nbyte);
2148 11828156 buf = reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf) + retval;
2149 11828156 nbyte -= retval;
2150 11828156 total_bytes += retval;
2151 }
2152 11588794 return total_bytes;
2153 }
2154
2155
2156 /**
2157 * Pull file contents into a string
2158 */
2159 392 bool SafeReadToString(int fd, std::string *final_result) {
2160
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 392 if (!final_result) {
2161 ✗ return false;
2162 }
2163
2164 392 std::string tmp_result;
2165 static const int buf_size = 4096;
2166 char buf[4096];
2167 392 ssize_t total_bytes = -1;
2168 do {
2169
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 3296 total_bytes = SafeRead(fd, buf, buf_size);
2170
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 3296 if (total_bytes < 0) {
2171 32 return false;
2172 }
2173
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 3264 tmp_result.append(buf, total_bytes);
2174
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 3264 } while (total_bytes == buf_size);
2175 360 final_result->swap(tmp_result);
2176 360 return true;
2177 392 }
2178
2179 2081 bool SafeWriteToFile(const std::string &content,
2180 const std::string &path,
2181 int mode) {
2182 2081 const int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, mode);
2183
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 2081 if (fd < 0)
2184 ✗ return false;
2185 2081 const bool retval = SafeWrite(fd, content.data(), content.size());
2186 2081 close(fd);
2187 2081 return retval;
2188 }
2189
2190
2191 #ifdef CVMFS_NAMESPACE_GUARD
2192 } // namespace CVMFS_NAMESPACE_GUARD
2193 #endif
2194